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Saint Odilo Catholic School Language Arts The Standards for the English Language Arts center around three core beliefs: Language Arts II The Illinois Learning Standards for English Language Arts provides goals and standards at the Middle/Junior High School level. In this course students learn to construct meaning from newspapers, periodicals, resource materials, and grade level fiction, and to analyze both the concrete and abstract elements of literature. Students engage in activities which require them to practice transferring language skills (language mechanics, grammar, and spelling) to original written works. The course emphasizes the need for students to learn to identify, approach, understand, and solve problems in real-world contexts. |
| Genres |
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STATE GOAL 2: Read and understand literature representative of various societies, eras and ideas. Why This Goal Is Important: Literature transmits ideas, reflects societies and eras and expresses the human imagination. It brings understanding, enrichment and joy. Appreciating literature and recognizing its many forms enable students to learn and respond to ideas, issues, perspectives and actions of others. Literature study includes understanding the structure and intent of a short poem or a long, complex book. By exploring the techniques that authors use to convey messages and evoke responses, students connect literature to their own lives and daily experiences. As a result of their schooling students will be able to: A. Understand how literary elements and techniques are used to convey meaning. 2.A.3a Identify and analyze a variety of literary techniques (e.g., figurative language, allusion, dialogue, description, word choice, dialect) within classical and contemporary works representing a variety of genres. 2.A.3b Describe how the development of theme, character, plot and setting contribute to the overall impact of a piece of literature. 2.A.3c Identify characteristics and authors of various literary forms (e.g., short stories, novels, drama, fables, biographies, documentaries, poetry, science fiction). 2.A.3d Identify ways that an author uses language structure, word choice and style to convey the author's viewpoint. B. Read and interpret a variety of literary works. 2.B.3a Respond to literary material from personal, creative and critical points of view. 2.B.3b Compare and contrast common literary themes across various societies and eras. 2.B.3c Analyze how characters in literature deal with conflict, solve problems and relate to real-life situations. This unit includes identifying and comparing key characteristics of literary genres. |
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Nonfiction: Analyzing
The learner will be able to classify, organize, and recall details read in a nonfiction passage.
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Short Story: Analyzing
The learner will be able to analyze a short story for details, emotions, and events, and predict the outcomes of the story.
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Sample: Genres
The learner will be able to This is a sample item. Please replace with an Objective or Competency that meets your specific curriculum requirements.
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Comprehend: Drama/Myth
The learner will be able to choose two selections of drama and/or myth, and demonstrate comprehension by writing a response which compares and contrasts literary elements from both selections (character, plot, setting, point of view, mood, tone), techniques used by the authors (figurative language, flashbacks, foreshadowing, symbolism, irony), and how the techniques are used by the authors to convey a message and shape the story.
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Author: Compare/Contrast
The learner will be able to compare and contrast different authors.
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Myth: Describe Key Elements
The learner will be able to describe the key elements of the myth genre.
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Myth: Compare/Contrast
The learner will be able to compare and contrast myths.
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Fable: Describe Key Elements
The learner will be able to describe the key elements of the fable genre.
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Fable: Compare/Contrast
The learner will be able to compare and contrast fables.
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Fairy Tale: Describe Key Elements
The learner will be able to describe the key elements of the fairy tale genre.
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Fairy Tale: Compare/Contrast
The learner will be able to compare and contrast fairy tales.
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Legend: Describe Key Elements
The learner will be able to describe the key elements of the legend genre.
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Legend: Compare/Contrast
The learner will be able to compare and contrast legends.
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Tall Tale: Describe Key Elements
The learner will be able to describe the key elements of the tall tales genre.
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Tall Tale: Compare/Contrast
The learner will be able to compare and contrast tall tales.
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Folk Tale: Compare/Contrast
The learner will be able to compare and contrast folk tales.
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Biography
The learner will be able to read and understand a biography.
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Historical Fiction: Passages
The learner will be able to read and understand a historical passage.
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Poetry
The learner will be able to read and understand a poem.
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Author Technique: Evaluate
The learner will be able to evaluate the effectiveness of author technique.
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Informational
The learner will be able to read and understand an informational, nonfiction story.
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Informational Sources: Compare
The learner will be able to compare multiple informational sources.
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Informational Sources: Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze informational sources.
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Author Intention: Evaluate
The learner will be able to evaluate the author's purpose in a given work.
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Humorous Literature
The learner will be able to understand the nuances of humorous literature.
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Short Story: Character/Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze a character depicted in a short story.
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Narrative: Personal
The learner will be able to read and understand a personal narrative.
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Science Fiction
The learner will be able to read and understand a science fiction story.
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Journal Entries
The learner will be able to read and understand a journal entry.
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Poetry: Detail
The learner will be able to identify details from a poem.
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Point of View: Evaluate
The learner will be able to evaluate how author point of view influences reading materials.
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Comprehend: Differences
The learner will be able to understand the differences of various genres.
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Nonfiction: Understand
The learner will be able to read and understand nonfiction reading materials.
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| Language Arts Processes |
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STATE GOAL 5: Use the language arts to acquire, assess and communicate information. Why This Goal Is Important: To be successful in school and in the world of work, students must be able to use a wide variety of information resources (written, visual and electronic). They must also know how to frame questions for inquiry, identify and organize relevant information and communicate it effectively in a variety of formats. These skills are critical in school across all learning areas and are key to successful career and lifelong learning experiences. As a result of their schooling students will be able to: A. Locate, organize, and use information from various sources to answer questions, solve problems and communicate ideas. 5.A.3a Identify appropriate resources to solve problems or answer questions through research. 5.A.3b Design a project related to contemporary issues (e.g., real-world math, career development, community service) using multiple sources. B. Analyze and evaluate information acquired from various sources. 5.B.3a Choose and analyze information sources for individual, academic and functional purposes. 5.B.3b Identify, evaluate and cite primary sources. C. Apply acquired information, concepts and ideas to communicate in a variety of formats. 5.C.3a Plan, compose, edit and revise documents that synthesize new meaning gleaned from multiple sources. 5.C.3b Prepare and orally present original work (e.g., poems, monologues, reports, plays, stories) supported by research. 5.C.3c Take notes, conduct interviews, organize and report information in oral, visual and electronic formats. |
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Sample: Language Arts Processes
The learner will be able to This is a sample item. Please replace with an Objective or Competency that meets your specific curriculum requirements.
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| Language Expressions |
| This unit includes comprehending and applying the rules which govern language expressions and usage. Students studying this unit develop an intuitive sense of language structure, and the ability to make judgments regarding how language expressions relate to the cohesiveness of sentences and passages. |
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Conventions: Language Experience
The learner will be able to apply language experience (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) to the construction of coherent sentences and paragraphs in both speaking and writing.
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Noun: Plural/Possessive/Supply
The learner will be able to supply the correct form of a plural, possessive, or plural possessive noun in a given sentence.
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Noun: Forms/Edit
The learner will be able to edit writing for noun forms.
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Verb Tense: Complete/Edit
The learner will be able to complete and/or edit a given sentence with the correct verb tense (including the present, past, future, present perfect, past perfect, future perfect, and present perfect progressive).
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Subject-Verb: Agreement
The learner will be able to use correct subject-verb agreement.
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Subject-Verb: Complete/Edit Sentence
The learner will be able to complete and/or edit a given sentence with the correct singular or plural form of the given verb (including present, present progressive, and past progressive).
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Adverb: Select
The learner will be able to select the correct adverb to complete a sentence.
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Adverb: Choose Word/Phrase
The learner will be able to choose the word or phrase with the correct adverb (including positive, comparative, and superlative forms) that best completes the sentence.
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Pronoun: Case/Edit
The learner will be able to edit written works for correct use of pronouns.
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Pronoun: Indefinite/Possessive
The learner will be able to choose the possessive or indefinite pronoun that best completes the sentence.
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Pronoun: Relative
The learner will be able to identify sentence with correct relative pronoun.
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Pronoun: Possessive/Complete
The learner will be able to complete a given sentence with the correct possessive pronoun.
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Pronoun: Subject/Object
The learner will be able to complete a given sentence with the correct subject or object pronoun.
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Sentence Structure: Identify Complete
The learner will be able to identify complete sentences.
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Sentence Structure: Grammar/Effective
The learner will be able to write grammatically correct, effective sentences.
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Sentence Structure: Use
The learner will be able to use correct sentence structure.
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Modifier: Misplaced/Identify
The learner will be able to identify a misplaced modifier in a sentence.
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Fragment: Identify
The learner will be able to identify incomplete sentences.
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Run-On: Identify
The learner will be able to identify run-on sentences.
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Fragment/Run-On: Edit
The learner will be able to edit a series of sentences for fragments or run-ons.
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Sentence Combining
The learner will be able to combine multiple complete sentences into one complete sentence.
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Sentence Combining: Concise/Clarity
The learner will be able to combine two sentences concisely and with clarity of meaning.
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Sentence Combining: Multiple Sentences
The learner will be able to combine a series of sentences by adding a phrase or clause, using conjunctions for smooth transitions, and using compound predicates, subjects, and objects.
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Adjective: Select
The learner will be able to select the correct adjective to complete a sentence.
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Adjective: Complete Sentence
The learner will be able to choose the word or phrase with the correct adjective (including positive, comparative, and superlative forms) that best completes the sentence.
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Idiom: Define/Interpret
The learner will be able to define and interpret idioms.
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Metaphor/Simile: Interpret
The learner will be able to interpret similes and metaphors given in a sentence.
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Parallel Structure: Writing/Edit
The learner will be able to edit writing for appropriate parallel structure.
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Edit: Context
The learner will be able to edit a series of sentences for errors such as double negatives, verb forms, subject-verb agreement, redundancies, conciseness, and clarity.
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Subject: Context Clues/Use
The learner will be able to complete given sentences with the appropriate subject, or compound subject, by using the contextual clues of the sentences.
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| Language Mechanics |
| This unit includes comprehending and applying the rules which govern punctuation and capitalization. Students studying this unit incorporate knowledge of language mechanics into original writing, and successfully edit passages for language mechanics errors. |
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Punctuation: Apply
The learner will be able to apply fundamental punctuation rules to written works.
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Capitalization: Complete Sentence
The learner will be able to apply knowledge of capitalization rules by identifying the correct capitalization required to complete a given sentence.
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Endmark: Sentence/Interjection
The learner will be able to select the correct endmark for a given sentence or interjection.
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Comma: Edit
The learner will be able to edit sentences for the correct use of commas.
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Quotation Mark: Edit
The learner will be able to edit for correct use of quotation marks.
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Apostrophe: Possessive
The learner will be able to use apostrophes in possessives.
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Apostrophe/Hyphen: Identify
The learner will be able to identify the correct use of apostrophes and hyphens.
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Contraction: Apostrophes
The learner will be able to show an understanding of the use of apostrophes in contractions.
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Colons/Commas/Semicolons
The learner will be able to identify the correct use of a comma, colon, and semicolon.
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Capitalization: Use Correctly
The learner will be able to use capitalization correctly.
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Capitalization: Word/Identify
The learner will be able to determine which word in a given sentence requires capitalization.
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| Listening |
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STATE GOAL 4: Listen and speak effectively in a variety of situations. Why This Goal Is Important: Of all the language arts, listening and speaking are those most often used on a daily basis at home, school and work or in the community. Skill in speaking is universally recognized as a primary indicator of a person's knowledge, skill and credibility. In person, by phone or through video, good listening and speaking skills are essential to sending, receiving and understanding messages. To understand messages spoken by others, students must be able to listen carefully, using specific techniques to clarify what they have heard. For speaking properly and making messages understood, grammar, sentence structure, tone, expression and emphasis must be part of students' repertoires. As a result of their schooling students will be able to: A. Listen effectively in formal and informal situations. 4.A.3a Demonstrate ways (e.g., ask probing questions, provide feedback to a speaker, summarize and paraphrase complex spoken messages) that listening attentively can improve comprehension. 4.A.3b Compare a speaker's verbal and nonverbal messages. 4.A.3c Restate and carry out multistep oral instructions. 4.A.3d Demonstrate the ability to identify and manage barriers to listening (e.g., noise, speaker credibility, environmental distractions). This unit includes identifying and distinguishing between sounds and patterns in sounds, and constructing meaning from information delivered verbally. |
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Speech: Critique Delivery
The learner will be able to critique a speaker for delivery (voice modulation, gestures, posture, eye contact, pronunciation, articulation, and timing).
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Speech: Content/Critique
The learner will be able to critique a speaker for speech content (ideas selected for speech, organization of ideas, facts and opinions given as support, appropriateness of topic for given audience).
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Speech: Content/Paraphrase
The learner will be able to recognize the agenda, main ideas, and supporting facts of a speech, and respond to the speaker by paraphrasing the speech and providing counterpoints.
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Speech: Analyzing Content
The learner will be able to develop the patience required to listen to a speaker, analyze the content of a speech, and respond with comments and questions which convey an understanding of the speech.
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Auditory Discrimination: Music/Art
The learner will be able to identify key elements (specific sounds, pitch, etc.), and the moods these elements reflect), of a musical piece, and make connections between a musical piece and other forms of art.
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Sample: Listening
The learner will be able to This is a sample item. Please replace with an Objective or Competency that meets your specific curriculum requirements.
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Questions: Clarify/Analyze/Synthesize
The learner will be able to formulate questions which require a speaker to clarify meaning, analyze, and synthesize information.
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Draw Conclusion: Underlying Relationship
The learner will be able to draw a conclusion from underlying relationships.
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Summary: Ideas/Opinions/Facts
The learner will be able to provide a summary of the ideas, opinions, facts, delivered by a speaker.
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Detail: Relevant/Irrelevant/Distinguish
The learner will be able to distinguish between relevant and irrelevant details in an orally read passage.
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Predicting: Outcome/Events
The learner will be able to predict the outcome of a set of events.
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Informational Concept: Basic
The learner will be able to understand basic informational concepts.
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Inference: Orally Read Passage
The learner will be able to make inferences from an orally read passage.
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Relationship: Interpret
The learner will be able to interpret relationships expressed in numerical or spatial terms.
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| Reading Operations |
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STATE GOAL 1: Read with understanding and fluency. Why This Goal Is Important Reading is essential. It is the process by which people gain information and ideas from books, newspapers, manuals, letters, contracts, advertisements and a host of other materials. Using strategies for constructing meaning before, during and after reading will help students connect what they read now with what they have learned in the past. Students who read well and widely build a strong foundation for learning in all areas of life. As a result of their schooling students will be able to: A. Apply word analysis and vocabulary skills to comprehend selections. 1.A.3a Apply knowledge of word origins and derivations to comprehend words used in specific content areas (e.g., scientific, political, literary, mathematical). 1.A.3b Analyze the meaning of words and phrases in their context. B. Apply reading strategies to improve understanding and fluency. 1.B.3a Preview reading materials, make predictions and relate reading to information from other sources. 1.B.3b Identify text structure and create a visual representation (e.g., graphic organizer, outline, drawing) to use while reading. 1.B.3c Continuously check and clarify for understanding (e.g., in addition to previous skills, draw comparisons to other readings). 1.B.3d Read age-appropriate material with fluency and accuracy. C. Comprehend a broad range of reading materials. 1.C.3a Use information to form, explain and support questions and predictions. 1.C.3b Interpret and analyze entire narrative text using story elements, point of view and theme. 1.C.3c Compare, contrast and evaluate ideas and information from various sources and genres. 1.C.3d Summarize and make generalizations from content and relate them to the purpose of the material. 1.C.3e Compare how authors and illustrators use text and art across materials to express their ideas (e.g., foreshadowing, flashbacks, color, strong verbs, language that inspires). 1.C.3f Interpret tables that display textual information and data in visual formats. This unit includes constructing meaning from fiction and non-fiction selections at comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and judgment levels of understanding. Students are able to identify, discuss, and compare both concrete and abstract elements of selections (setting, plot, characterization, genre, historical period, theme, tone, moral message, and psychological and political implications). |
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Predict Outcome
The learner will be able to draw upon a repertoire of reading comprehension strategies and information given in a passage to predict the possible and probable outcomes of the passage. The student should be able to describe how his/her predictions were made (i.e., which passage elements provided a bases for the predictions).
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Character: Points of View
The learner will be able to state the point of view of specific characters, and qualify the statement with quotes from the characters.
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Detail: Recalling
The learner will be able to recall details from a passage (including events, characters, plot, climax, and resolution), arrange the details in sequential order, and describe elements of the passage both orally and in writing.
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Sample: Reading Operations
The learner will be able to This is a sample item. Please replace with an Objective or Competency that meets your specific curriculum requirements.
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Dialogue: Analyzing
The learner will be able to analyze the function of dialogue and how dialogue reveals characters and their personality traits and motives within the context of a reading selection.
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Questions: Abstract
The learner will be able to apply literary analysis and critical thinking skills by formulating questions for peers which assess their understanding of a given passage at application, analysis, and evaluation levels of understanding, by summarizing the implied or paraphrased main idea of a passage, by giving evidence to support a summary, by interpreting a passage, and by making connections among various literary sources.
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Comprehension: Display Skills
The learner will be able to display comprehension skills.
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Reading Behaviors: Apply
The learner will be able to apply meaning while reading.
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Response: Connection/Text
The learner will be able to make connections among reading materials.
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Prior Knowledge: Understand Text
The learner will be able to use prior knowledge to understand texts.
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Information: Make/Visual Aids
The learner will be able to make a Venn diagram, graph, table, flow chart, and other visual aids which organize information presented in a nonfiction selection such as a magazine, newspaper, or textbook excerpt. Such visual aids should reflect the main ideas, relevant supporting details, and the way the main ideas and supporting details are connected in the overall message of the nonfiction piece. The student should be able to explain the visual aid, why a particular form was chosen, and how the information in the visual aid is presented, orally and in writing.
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Written: Connection
The learner will be able to create a written response to reading materials that connects similar themes and ideas found in texts.
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Monitor: Strategies/Develop
The learner will be able to develop strategies for monitoring his/her reading process.
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Analyze: Importance/Judge
The learner will be able to analyze and judge the importance and relevance of story elements.
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Cause/Effect: Understanding
The learner will be able to understand the relationship between cause and effect.
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Cause/Effect: Distinguish
The learner will be able to distinguish between cause and effect in given scenarios.
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Main Idea: Stated
The learner will be able to determine the main idea stated in a passage.
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Draw Conclusion: Reading Material
The learner will be able to draw conclusions about reading materials.
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Predict Outcome: Information
The learner will be able to make predictions from information in written material.
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Fact/Opinion
The learner will be able to distinguish between fact and opinion.
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Character: Response/Predict
The learner will be able to predict character response.
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Summary: Strategies
The learner will be able to summarize material while he/she reads.
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Theme: Identify
The learner will be able to identify the theme of a given reading passage.
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Theme: Compare/Two Versions
The learner will be able to compare the way themes are presented in two versions of the same story.
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Theme: Apply
The learner will be able to apply theme to another context.
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Persuasive: Letter
The learner will be able to read and understand a persuasive letter using figurative language.
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Inference: Information
The learner will be able to make inferences from information in written material.
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Inference: Poem
The learner will be able to make inferences from a poem.
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Detail: Identify
The learner will be able to identify details from reading passages.
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Story Elements: Character/Identify
The learner will be able to identify story elements, such as characters.
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Story Elements: Identify
The learner will be able to identify story elements.
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Story: Elements/Identify
The learner will be able to identify story elements, such as setting, plot, and characters.
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Passage Elements: Contrast
The learner will be able to find contrasts with passage elements.
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Compare: Passage Elements
The learner will be able to make comparisons between passage elements.
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Compare: Reading Material
The learner will be able to make comparisons about reading material.
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Compare/Contrast: Analysis
The learner will be able to compare and contrast a variety of sources, topics, abstract ideas, and story elements.
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Strategies: Vocabulary/Using
The learner will be able to use vocabulary to understand what is read.
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Strategies: Knowing
The learner will be able to know of a variety of strategies which aid comprehension.
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Strategies: Extend Information
The learner will be able to extend information beyond passage ideas while reading.
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Strategies: Critical Thinking
The learner will be able to apply critical thinking when reading materials.
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Moral: Determine
The learner will be able to determine the moral of a story.
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Moral: Interpret
The learner will be able to interpret the moral lesson of a story.
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Plot: Identify
The learner will be able to identify the plot of a reading passage.
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Plot: Climax
The learner will be able to recognize plot climax in reading selections.
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Plot: Compare
The learner will be able to compare the plot development of two versions of the same story.
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Tone: Identify
The learner will be able to identify the tone of a given passage.
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Tone: Poem
The learner will be able to identify the tone of a poem.
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Interpretation: Multiple
The learner will be able to show an awareness of the multiple ways of interpreting any given text.
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Critical Thinking: Reading Materials
The learner will be able to critically examine reading materials.
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Foreshadowing: Analyzing
The learner will be able to analyze how foreshadowing operates within the plot of a reading selection.
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Dialogue: Multiple Characters
The learner will be able to read and understand a short dialogue between multiple characters.
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Symbol: Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze a symbol in a passage.
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Symbol: Analyze Function
The learner will be able to analyze how symbols function in a reading selection.
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Reality/Fantasy
The learner will be able to distinguish between reality and fantasy.
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Sequence: Identify Order
The learner will be able to identify the order of events which occur within a reading selection.
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Sequence: Use/Understand
The learner will be able to use sequence to understand reading materials.
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Generalization: Passage
The learner will be able to make a generalization based on passage elements.
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Questions: Aid Understanding
The learner will be able to generate questions to aid understanding while reading.
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Structure: Increase Understanding
The learner will be able to use text structure to increase understanding of reading materials.
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Assumption: Recognizing
The learner will be able to recognize an assumption implicitly stated in a passage.
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Response: Evaluate/Author
The learner will be able to evaluate the effectiveness and purpose of an author in a written response to reading.
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Synthesizing: Information/Multiple Texts
The learner will be able to demonstrate skills for constructing meaning by synthesizing information from multiple written texts.
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Feelings: Infer/Short Passage
The learner will be able to infer character feeling from a short passage.
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Feelings: Infer/Long Passage
The learner will be able to infer character feelings from a long reading passage.
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Motive: Infer/Short Passage
The learner will be able to infer character motive from a short passage.
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Evaluate: Response/Intent
The learner will be able to evaluate the intent of character response.
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Analyze: Literary Device/Reading
The learner will be able to analyze literary devices used in reading materials.
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Analyze: Plot Development/Reading
The learner will be able to analyze plot development in a reading selection.
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Analyze: Support/Discern
The learner will be able to analyze points of view in a reading selection to discern if views are supported.
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Written: Literal Questions
The learner will be able to write in response to literal questions from reading materials.
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Written: Understanding
The learner will be able to write in response to reading materials in order to demonstrate a thorough understanding of the text.
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Written: Strategies
The learner will be able to create a written response that demonstrates understanding and use of reading strategies.
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Written: Extend
The learner will be able to create a written response that extends the use of information from documents and/or forms.
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Written: Extend Meaning
The learner will be able to create a written response that extends the meaning of reading materials to other contexts.
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Written: Interpret
The learner will be able to create a written response that interprets information found in documents and/or forms.
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Graphic Feature: Use
The learner will be able to use common graphical features to increase understanding of reading materials.
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Analyze: Theme/Literary Selection
The learner will be able to analyze the theme of a literary selection.
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Recurring: Identify
The learner will be able to identify recurring themes in reading passages.
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| Speaking |
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STATE GOAL 4: Listen and speak effectively in a variety of situations. Why This Goal Is Important: Of all the language arts, listening and speaking are those most often used on a daily basis at home, school and work or in the community. Skill in speaking is universally recognized as a primary indicator of a person's knowledge, skill and credibility. In person, by phone or through video, good listening and speaking skills are essential to sending, receiving and understanding messages. To understand messages spoken by others, students must be able to listen carefully, using specific techniques to clarify what they have heard. For speaking properly and making messages understood, grammar, sentence structure, tone, expression and emphasis must be part of students' repertoires. As a result of their schooling students will be able to: B. Speak effectively using language appropriate to the situation and audience. 4.B.3a Deliver planned oral presentations, using language and vocabulary appropriate to the purpose, message and audience; provide details and supporting information that clarify main ideas; and use visual aids and contemporary technology as support. 4.B.3b Design and produce reports and multi-media compositions that represent group projects. 4.B.3c Develop strategies to manage or overcome communication anxiety and apprehension (e.g., sentence outlining, note cards). 4.B.3d Use verbal and nonverbal communication strategies to maintain communications and to resolve conflict. This unit includes practicing techniques and strategies (voice modulation, body language, ordering of ideas, visual aids, etc.) to convey meaning and to present information and opinions to groups. Students learn to choose appropriate topics, and methods of presenting topics, for specific audiences. |
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Creative: Legend/Fable/Folk Tale
The learner will be able to retell a legend, fable, or folktale using verbal and non-verbal techniques to convey meaning.
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Sample: Speaking
The learner will be able to This is a sample item. Please replace with an Objective or Competency that meets your specific curriculum requirements.
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General: Present Effectively
The learner will be able to orally present reports, stories, mock news broadcasts, dramatizations, interviews, poetry readings, and memorized passages effectively.
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Verbal/Nonverbal: Techniques
The learner will be able to utilize techniques such as gestures, eye contact, voice modulation, posture, pronunciation, articulation, and timing, to emphasize key points.
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Discussion: Behaviors
The learner will be able to exhibit the following behaviors while involved in a group discussion: take turns, respect the ideas and opinions of others, and face speakers.
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Group: Self Expression
The learner will be able to express ideas and opinions to a peer group.
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Group: Questions/Formulate
The learner will be able to formulate questions which require analytical thinking by group members.
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Story: Retell/Summarize
The learner will be able to orally retell or summarize a story.
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| Spelling |
| This unit includes studying language and word structure to discern the correct spelling of words. Students edit passages for correct spelling by making connections between spelling, meaning, and structure. |
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Edit: Contextual
The learner will be able to use word structure (bases and affixes) to edit passages for misspelled words.
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Strategies
The learner will be able to develop strategies for memorizing the spelling of words that break spelling patterns, and guidelines and for incorporating newly learned spelling words into his/her vocabulary.
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Root Words: Building
The learner will be able to correctly spell words where an affix may or may not change the spelling of the root word.
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Homophones
The learner will be able to review sentences for the appropriate use and correct spelling of homophones.
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Structural Units
The learner will be able to use an understanding of structural units to complete a given sentence with the correctly spelled word.
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Spelling
The learner will be able to choose a word that best completes a sentence and is spelled correctly.
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Irregular Words
The learner will be able to correctly write words with irregular spelling.
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Prefixes
The learner will be able to correctly spell words that have a prefix.
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Suffix: Spell
The learner will be able to correctly spell words which have a suffix.
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| Study and Research Skills |
| This unit includes developing organization and research skills needed to find appropriate resources, to judge resources as relevant or not relevant to a given topic, to categorize and synthesize information, to take notes in class, and to study for exams. |
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Sources: Gathering/Documenting
The learner will be able to use a title page, copyright page, table of contents, glossary, index, margin notes, and appendices, and keep track of sources in the form of a bibliography.
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Sources: Gathering
The learner will be able to seek a variety of sources (textbook, dictionary, almanac, encyclopedia, thesaurus, journal, periodical, newspaper, and interviews with experts) to gather information.
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Graphical Formats: Creating
The learner will be able to create graphical forms to communicate data from resource materials.
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Research Project: Presentation
The learner will be able to investigate a research topic (seeking out three or more resources/references), formulate a plan of action which details what will be investigated, when, and how, organize and synthesize the information from the sources, and create a presentation which conveys the information in a cohesive manner and gives credit to sources used.
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Research Skills: Evaluating Resources
The learner will be able to develop techniques such as skimming, scanning graphic organizers, outlining, and taking notes, synthesize multiple sources of information to make generalizations and conclusions, and judge information as relevant or irrelevant to a given research topic.
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Learning Logs: Record Observations
The learner will be able to record observations pertaining to his/her individual learning style.
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Forms: Complete
The learner will be able to follow directions and complete a form, such as an order form.
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Outline: Categorize
The learner will be able to organize information in outline form by categorizing items and functions.
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Outline: Classify
The learner will be able to classify information in an outline.
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Outline: Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze information in an outline.
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Sources: Select
The learner will be able to select appropriate reference source.
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Bibliography: Develop
The learner will be able to develop and understand a bibliography.
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Graphical Formats: Interpret
The learner will be able to interpret information from graphical forms of data.
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Organizing Information: Multiple Sources
The learner will be able to organize information from literary, informative, and practical sources.
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Stimuli: Dual/Synthesize
The learner will be able to synthesize information in dual stimuli, such as information presented in both text and graphs.
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Stimuli: Dual/Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze information presented in dual stimuli, such as information presented in both text and graphs.
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Stimuli: Multiple/Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze information from multiple stimuli.
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Stimuli: Multiple/Synthesize
The learner will be able to synthesize information from multiple stimuli.
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Public Information: Synthesize
The learner will be able to synthesize key elements from a public service poster.
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Research Technology: Network Resources
The learner will be able to download resource information.
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Reference Form: Globe/Books/Newspapers
The learner will be able to use globes, books, and newspapers as references.
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Reference Form: Understand
The learner will be able to determine which information is found in an atlas, thesaurus, almanac, index, bibliography, dictionary, timetable, and telephone directory.
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Diagrams: Analyze
The learner will be able to analyze a diagram.
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Table: Chart
The learner will be able to read, identify, and compare graphs and tables.
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Research Skills: Synthesize
The learner will be able to synthesize information from reference materials.
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Business: Identify/Style/Tone/Ideas
The learner will be able to identify the proper style, tone, ideas expressed, recipient, return address, and date of a business letter.
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Catalog: Software Catalogs/Use
The learner will be able to use library software to locate resource materials.
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| Vocabulary |
| This unit includes studying and applying knowledge of word structure (bases and affixes) to define unfamiliar words and understand technical or informational content. |
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Vocabulary: Language Integration
The learner will be able to incorporate words learned in subjects across the curriculum in daily speech and in various types of writing.
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Vocabulary: Paraphrasing
The learner will be able to read a story, poem, or newspaper or periodical article, and demonstrate comprehension of the vocabulary words used in these sources, by paraphrasing one of these selections.
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Word Choice: Vocabulary Descriptions
The learner will be able to describe fine art in vibrant, precise, and clear language which suits the subject, mood/tone, and genre of the piece, and create analogies with such words to demonstrate their multiple layers of meaning.
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Word Choice: Applying
The learner will be able to choose appropriate, vivid, and precise words which suit a given audience, topic, and writing style.
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Connotation: Sensitivity
The learner will be able to show sensitivity to sexism, and the physical and cultural biases inherent in certain vocabulary words.
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Analyze: Contextual Analysis
The learner will be able to define unfamiliar words using context clues such as affixes, figures of speech, root words, possessives, plurals, verb tense, sentence construction, and the details of a given sentence or passage.
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Compound Word: Create
The learner will be able to create compound words.
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Compound Word: Define
The learner will be able to define compound words in a sentence.
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Analogy: Complete
The learner will be able to identify the answer choice that shows a relationship analogous to the one given.
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Analogy: Create/Interpret
The learner will be able to create and interpret analogies.
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Sentence Completion
The learner will be able to identify the vocabulary word that best completes a given sentence as read aloud by the teacher.
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Base Words
The learner will be able to identify the base or root of a given vocabulary word.
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Context: Technical
The learner will be able to determine the meaning of unfamiliar technical terms by analyzing the context (a paragraph or more) in which the words are used.
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Context: Word Meaning
The learner will be able to use the context of a sentence to determine the meaning of a specified word.
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Context: Analyzing
The learner will be able to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words by analyzing the context (a paragraph) in which the words are used.
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Word Structure: Analyze
The learner will be able to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words by analyzing word structure (bases, affixes).
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Word Structure: Analyze Language
The learner will be able to determine the meaning of unfamiliar words by analyzing language expressions and conventions (including antonyms, synonyms, definitions, explanations, descriptions, examples, etc.).
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Word Referents
The learner will be able to match pronouns (such as "it," "they," and "she") with the nouns they refer to when creating and editing sentences.
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Vocabulary: Read/Identify/Understand
The learner will be able to read, identify, and understand grade specific vocabulary words.
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Strategies: Variety
The learner will be able to apply a variety of vocabulary strategies.
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| Writing |
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STATE GOAL 3: Write to communicate for a variety of purposes. Why This Goal Is Important: The ability to write clearly is essential to any person's effective communications. Students with high-level writing skills can produce documents that show planning and organization and can effectively convey the intended message and meaning. Clear writing is critical to employment and production in today's world. Individuals must be capable of writing for a variety of audiences in differing styles, including standard rhetoric themes, business letters and reports, financial proposals, and technical and professional communications. Students should be able to use word processors and computers to enhance their writing proficiency and improve their career opportunities. As a result of their schooling students will be able to: A. Use correct grammar, spelling, punctuation, capitalization and structure. 3.A.3 Write compositions that contain complete sentences and effective paragraphs using English conventions. B. Compose well-organized and coherent writing for specific purposes and audiences. 3.B.3a Produce documents that convey a clear understanding and interpretation of ideas and information and display focus, organization, elaboration and coherence. 3.B.3b Edit and revise for word choice, organization, consistent point of view and transitions among paragraphs using contemporary technology and formats suitable for submission and/or publication. C. Communicate ideas in writing to accomplish a variety of purposes. 3.C.3a Compose narrative, informative, and persuasive writings (e.g., in addition to previous writings, literature reviews, instructions, news articles, correspondence) for a specified audience. 3.C.3b Using available technology, produce compositions and multimedia works for specified audiences. This unit includes utilizing each stage of the writing process to create original pieces. Students explore a variety of organizational formats and purposes for writing (communicating ideas, opinions, and feelings, clarifying thoughts, and solving problems). |
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Edit: Word Choices
The learner will be able to edit a passage to ensure word choices are accurate, and make substantiated judgments about words that should be replaced with more vivid, interesting, or logical words.
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Edit: Applying
The learner will be able to understand the editing stage of the writing process, and how to apply editing skills to his/her own written works and to the written works of peers.
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Revise: Literary Elements
The learner will be able to demonstrate the revising stage of the writing process by incorporating literary elements (including similes, metaphors, personification, allusion, characterization, compare/contrast, description, quotations, sensory images, examples, and analogies) in second drafts of writing as means to clarify and strengthen main points.
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Revise: Conceptualizing
The learner will be able to understand the revising stage of the writing process, and how to approach drafts with specific goals for revisions.
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Drafting: Rewrite
The learner will be able to understand the rewriting stage of the writing process as an opportunity to apply peer and teacher input, to add to the content, to improve the style, and even to begin a new draft (incorporating the input received in previous writing stages as prewriting exercises).
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Drafting
The learner will be able to understand the drafting stage of the writing process and how to write drafts using ideas generated in the prewriting stage.
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Essay: Synthesizing Information
The learner will be able to synthesize information from a variety of sources to create expository, narrative, short story, and persuasive pieces.
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Essay: Introduction
The learner will be able to identify, describe, and compose an introduction to an essay.
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Essay: Conclusion
The learner will be able to identify, describe, and compose a conclusion to an essay.
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Writing as a Process: Conceptualizing
The learner will be able to utilize the writing process (prewriting, drafting, revising, rewriting, editing, publishing).
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Expository: Audience
The learner will be able to write pieces which inform a given audience, and include logically organized and relevant ideas.
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Expository: Synthesizing Information
The learner will be able to synthesize information from multiple sources, condense the information, and write an informative piece.
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Sequence: Logical
The learner will be able to arrange sentences in their sequential, most logical order, identify which sentence does not logically fit with a group, and determine which sentence best fits within a paragraph.
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Sample: Writing
The learner will be able to This is a sample item. Please replace with an Objective or Competency that meets your specific curriculum requirements.
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Edit: Language Conventions
The learner will be able to proofread for the use of commas, apostrophes, periods, exclamation marks, question marks, colons, quotation marks, and semi-colons.
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Edit: Usage/Mechanics
The learner will be able to focus on the editing stage of the writing process by editing for punctuation, grammar, sentence structure (simple, compound, and complex), word choice (incorporating action words and variety), and usage to create poignant, powerful, and expressive writing.
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Edit: Language Conventions
The learner will be able to proofread a given passage for punctuation, capitalization, interjections, quotes, endmarks, contractions, and proper nouns.
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Edit: Language Conventions
The learner will be able to edit written works for language conventions.
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Edit: Adjectives/Adverbs
The learner will be able to edit for correct use of adverbs and adjectives.
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Writing Behaviors: Daily Writing
The learner will be able to write daily for self growth and per teacher instructions.
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Transitions: Effective
The learner will be able to form effective transitions, and evaluate the writing of others for effective transitions.
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Style: Purpose/Audience
The learner will be able to vary writing style appropriately for specific audiences, purposes, and topics, (including word choice, sentence structure, formal and informal language, details, organization, clarity, order of ideas presented, and format).
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Collection: Compile
The learner will be able to compile a portfolio of writing samples which includes writing from different content areas, reports, research notes, short stories, persuasive, functional, and expository pieces, speeches, and poems, with drafts from each stage of the writing process. The writing should reflect the writer's growth in such areas as writing strategies, vocabulary, language conventions, and interests throughout a month, semester, or year. The portfolio should also include an explanation of why the pieces were selected, a self-evaluation of progress, and a judgment statement on whether goals set by teacher and/or student were met.
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Presentation: Pieces/Select
The learner will be able to select pieces of writing from the original portfolio for a presentation portfolio which reflect a variety of writing styles (persuasive, narrative, expository), at least two organizational patterns (compare/contrast, cause/effect, sequencing ideas by their importance), in final draft (polished) form. Each piece should be accompanied by a written explanation detailing reasons for the presentation portfolio selections (the basis for selections). The presentation portfolio should also include an expressive self-evaluation of the original portfolio, the presentation portfolio, and elaboration on how the student has grown as a writer.
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Strategies: Use
The learner will be able to utilize prewriting strategies (drawing, webbing, brainstorming, discussing) to begin the writing process.
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Conclusion: Use
The learner will be able to use a conclusion in a written work.
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Edit: Proofread
The learner will be able to proofread written works.
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Edit: Resources
The learner will be able to use outside resources, such as a dictionary, to edit written works.
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Revise: Organizational Pattern
The learner will be able to revise writing to improve the organizational pattern.
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Revise: Show Not Tell
The learner will be able to revise writing to incorporate "show not tell" language.
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Revise: Voice/Narrative
The learner will be able to revise writing to improve narrative voice.
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Poetry: Types
The learner will be able to write poetry in a variety of forms.
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Publishing: Prepare/Present
The learner will be able to prepare and present written works to be shared with others.
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Response: Journal
The learner will be able to use writing abilities to provide an intellectual and personal response to reading selections in a journal.
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Response: Poetry
The learner will be able to use writing abilities to create poetry in response to reading selections.
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Strategies: Variety
The learner will be able to utilize a variety of writing strategies.
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Expository: Essay
The learner will be able to write an expository essay.
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Narrative: Short
The learner will be able to write a brief narrative.
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Narrative: Events/Sequence
The learner will be able to write a narrative which describes events in sequential order.
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Persuasive: Strategies
The learner will be able to write to persuade a given audience on a given topic utilizing word choices, language expressions, examples, metaphors, and other persuasion techniques.
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Sequence: Identify
The learner will be able to identify correct sentence sequence.
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Sequence: Ideas
The learner will be able to order ideas sequentially when writing.
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Research Paper: Organize
The learner will be able to organize the different parts of a research paper.
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Purposes: Communication
The learner will be able to write to communicate specific information.
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Descriptive: Object/Idea
The learner will be able to write to describe the qualities of an object or an idea.
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Main Idea/Supporting Details
The learner will be able to write a composition which includes a main idea and supporting details.
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Main Idea: Details/Subtopics
The learner will be able to write a composition which includes a main idea, subtopics, and supporting details.
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Clarity/Focus: Relevant Information
The learner will be able to include relevant information in his/her writing.
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Edit: Verb Form
The learner will be able to edit written works for correct verb forms.
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Edit: Sentence Structure
The learner will be able to edit for correct sentence structure.
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Edit: Proofreading
The learner will be able to identify the word that is spelled incorrectly in a given sentence.
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Edit: Capitalization
The learner will be able to edit sentences for capitalization errors.
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Edit: Punctuation
The learner will be able to edit for correct use of punctuation.
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Edit: Paragraph Coherence
The learner will be able to edit a paragraph for cohesiveness, theme, and sequence of ideas.
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Edit: Content
The learner will be able to edit the content of a passage for cohesiveness, clarity, diction, and effective sentences.
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Revise: Sentence Structures
The learner will be able to revise writing to improve the structure of sentences.
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Revise: Transitions
The learner will be able to revise writing to improve transition sentences.
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Revise: Irrelevant Information
The learner will be able to revise writing to eliminate extraneous information.
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Revise: Elaborate on Ideas
The learner will be able to revise writing to elaborate on ideas.
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Expressive: Feelings
The learner will be able to write to express feelings and emotions.
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Topic: Choose
The learner will be able to choose a topic for his/her writing.
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Support: Write Text
The learner will be able to write a supported text.
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Transition: Edit
The learner will be able to identify the best transition for a given sentence.
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Transition: Conjunction/Use
The learner will be able to use transitional conjunctions in his/her writing.
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Transition: Phrase/Use
The learner will be able to use transitional phrases in his/her writing.
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Transitions: Use Effective
The learner will be able to use effective transitions (and, but, or) in his/her writing.
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Usage: Edit
The learner will be able to edit written works for usage.
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Audience: Purpose
The learner will be able to select a writing style (narrative, descriptive, or expository) which suits a given purpose and audience.
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Topic Sentence: Identify/Best
The learner will be able to select the best topic sentence for a given paragraph.
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Topic Sentence: Add/Develop
The learner will be able to add a topic sentence to a paragraph to introduce and develop the topic in an appropriate and relevant manner.
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Topic Sentence: Select/Develop
The learner will be able to select a topic sentence to introduce a paragraph or select a sentence (thesis statement) that best develops a paragraph topic.
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Strategies: Understand/Use Sources
The learner will be able to understand how to use information sources as a prewriting strategy.
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Strategies: Outline/Understand
The learner will be able to understand how to use an outline as a prewriting strategy.
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Strategies: Apply/Variety
The learner will be able to apply a variety of prewriting strategies.
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Clarity: Revise
The learner will be able to revise a passage for effective sentences, word choices, and clarity.
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